Mechanically actuated photocopy machine

ABSTRACT

A photocopy machine having a plurality of stations performing a sequence of operations in a single copying cycle, the sequence of the operations being controlled by a series of cam mechanisms, all of which are actuated by a single drive means. A multiple station indexing means is provided for engaging the drive means from one to a finite number of times upon completion of each copy cycle.

ilriited States mm Mielnikowski, Jr. et a1.

[54] MECHANHCALLY ACTUATED PHOTOCOPY MACHINE [72] Inventors: Eugene F.Mielnikowski, Jr., Morristown; Frank L. Kratcoski, Dover; Gerardo M. LaMorte, Newark, all of NJ.

[73] Assignee: Dynagraphic Systems, Inc., Cedar Knolls,

[22] Filed: July 15, 1968 [21] Appl. No.:- 745,019

[52] US. Cl ..355/3, 355/10, 355/14, 118/637 [51] lint. Cl. ..G03g 15/00[58] Field ofSearch ..355/3, 10, l1, 14; 101/41; 118/637 [56] ReferencesCited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,266,366 8/1966 Hunt ..355/11 X 3,427,1062/1969 Sloan ..355/l1X [151 3,653,756 [451 Apr. 4, 1972 3,504,968 4/1970Matkovich et a1. ..355/10 3,031,941 5/1962 Moser ..355/103 X 3,187,6516/1965 Eichorn et 31.. ..355/8 3,355,983 12/1967 Bogert ....355/14 X3,282,177 11/1966 Stanton ....355/11 X 3,330,179 7/1967 Zerfahs........355/11 X 3,352,218 11/1967 Osfensen ..355/3 3,361,113 1/1968 Hoffman..355/10 X Primary Exan1iner-Joseph F. Peters, Jr. AssistantExaminer-Robert P. Greiner Attorney-James Albert Drobile [5 7] ABSTRACTA photocopy machine having a plurality of stations performing a sequenceof operations in a single copying cycle, the sequence of the operationsbeing controlled by a series of cam mechanisms, all of which areactuated by a single drive means. A multiple station indexing means isprovided for engaging the drive means from one to a finite number oftimes upon completion of each copy cycle.

14 Claims, 10 Drawing 1" igures g' mngmgg; m: 4 I972 3 1 6 5317 5 5 sum1 [1F 9 [76o \NVENTOKS EUGENE F. MxeLNmowsKgm FRANK L.. KRATQO5\ GERARVOM. LA MORTE ATTORNEY PATENTEMPR 4 I972 SHEET 2 OF 9 \NVENTORS EUGENEF.M\E\ N\KOW$Kl, JR- FRANK L. KRATcos\ GERARDO M. LA MORTE AT TO RNEYTMENTE 4 i972 SHEET 3 OF 9 \NVENTOE FRANK L. KRATCOSK! GERARD!) M. LAMORTE EUGBNEEMELNIKOWSKI JR- BYWWM ATTORNEY PATENTS 4 :972

SHEET 4 UF 9 INVENTOKS EUGENE. F. M\E.LN\KOW5K( FRANK KRATCOSK\ GERARDOM. LA MORTE BY ATTORNEY SHEET 8 UF 9 EFT/P \NVENTOZS EUGENE. F.M\ELN\KOW$K\, JR- F-RANK L. KRATCOSK\ GERARDO M. LA MORTE fiMM.

ATTORNEY 1 MECHANICAILLY ACTUATED PHOTOCOPY MACHINE CROSS-REFERENCE TORELATED APPLICATION The new, original and ornamental design for thecopy-making apparatus herein disclosed also is disclosed, and isclaimed, in co-pending design application filed of even date herewith byBruce R. Hannah, Francis G. LaMorte and Frank L. Kratcoski, Ser. No.D-l2,772, now abandoned in favor of Ser. No. D-l6,559.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a new and improvedapparatus for reproducing on an electrophotosensitive member an image ofan object. More specifically, the invention is directed to a new andimproved compact copying apparatus employing an electrostatic processwherein an electrostatic image of the original is formed on anelectrophotosensitive sheet material such as paper, and is developed bya developing agent comprising a suspension of charged solid markingparticles dispersed in an electrically insulating liquid, the dispersedparticles being attracted and adhered to the electrostatic image on thesheet material to form thereon a copy of the original object.

Apparatus suitable for reproducing the image from an object such as adocument, book or the like, through an electrostatic process employingan electrophotosensitive paper heretofore has been known and used.However, conventional apparatus of this type has suffered from one ormore serious disadvantages. For example, apparatus of this type oftenhas been unduly expensive to construct, and expensive and inconvenientto service. Furthermore, much conventional apparatus of this type haslimited usefulness and flexibility in that it often is not suited forcopying three-dimensional objects such as books and the like. Finally,much conventional apparatus of this type requires that each sheet ofpaper be fed into the apparatus by hand, and that such manual steps berepeated until the desired number of copies has been prepared.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is an object of thepresent invention to provide a new and improved compact copyingapparatus employing an electrostatic process, a coated non-conductivepaper adapted to be rendered electrophotosensitive by an electrostaticpotential, means for applying an electrostatic potential to such paper,means .for exposing a sheet of paper so sensitized and charged to areflected image of the object to be copied whereby such image isreproduced electrostatically on the paper, means for developing theelectrostatic image by depositing charged marking solids thereon, andmeans for fixing the deposited electrostatic image on the paper toprovide a final copy. Another and more specific object of the presentinvention is to provide a copying apparatus in which theelectrophotosensitive coated paper is fed automatically and not by hand,after selecting the number of copies to be produced, until the selectednumber of copies is produced and the apparatus automatically stops.

The apparatus of the present invention preferably includes a storagecompartment or magazine located in an upper middle region of theapparatus, for storing coated copy paper; synchronized means forautomatically initiating the advancement of such paper, one sheet at atime, from one side of the magazine; plural means for continuouslyadvancing the single sheet, first in a generally lateral and downwarddirection into and through a corona charging zone shielded from light,and

- thereafter in a generally downward direction into a generally verticalexposure zone, located generally below the corona charging zone, whereinsuch sheet is held in a fixed position by synchronized holding means andshielded from light until exposed; synchronizing means for energizingthe corona units in the charging zone during the passage of such sheettherethrough, whereby an electrostatic potential is applied across thesheet rendering it electrophotosensitive; exposure means including asource of illumination, a reflector mirror and lens, for projecting onsaid electrophotosensitive sheet a reflected image of an objectpositioned on a scanning area located in the upper region of theapparatus adjacent the opposite side of the magazine; means forsynchronizing the projection of said image with the positioning of thepaper in the exposure Zone and for controlling automatically the periodof time during which the paper is exposed to such image; synchronizedplural means for releasing automatically the sheet of copy paper afterexposure, and for positively ejecting the exposed sheet of copy paperfrom the exposure zone; means for continuously receiving and advancingthe exposed sheet of copy paper in a generally downward direction andinto a developing zone located in the lower region of the apparatusgenerally below the exposure zone, and through which such paper travelsin a generally lateral direction opposite its direction of travelthrough the charging zone; developing means in such developing zoneincluding a dispersion of charged marking particles suspended in aclear, non-conductive liquid medium; plural means for continuouslyreceiving the paper containing the developed image, for removing excessliquid from such paper, and for continuously advancing such papercontaining the developed image in the same generally lateral directionthrough a drying zone and into an accumulating zone for finished copieslocated in a lower middle region of the apparatus generally below thecopy paper magazine; and means for drying the developed image to producea copy containing a fixed image of the object to be copied.

The apparatus of the invention preferably also includes a continuousdrive means or mechanism, for continuously driving certain elements suchas paper transfer means while the apparatus is energized, and aone-cycle drive means or train mechanism which drives and synchronizeselements essential to the production of a single copy of the object tobe reproducedv Also preferably included in the apparatus are manually l'tiated camming means, for engaging and disengaging the -ontinuous drivemechanism from the one-cycle drive train mechanism, and additionalcamming means associated with the one-cycle drive train mechanism, forpreventing the disengagement of the continuous drive mechanism from theone-cycle drive train mechanism until the completion of a full cycle ofoperation. Associated with the manually initiated camming means isswitching means for energizing the corona units in the charging zone.

Also preferably associated with the one-cycle drive train mechanism are:means including a segmental torque-transfer means such as a segmentalgear, proportioned so as to initiate the advancement of only a singlesheet of copy paper per cycle from the magazine to the charging zone;camming means for actuating the switching means controlling exposureillumination; camming means for operating the stop members intended toretain and properly position the charged copy paper in the exposure zoneuntil exposure and thereafter to release same; ejecting members forpositively advancing the sheet of copy paper from the exposure zoneafter exposure; camming means operating adjustable pumping means forintroducing from a reservoir into the developing zone a quantity ofcharged marking particles sufficient to replace that depleted in makinga copy. Also associated with the one-cycle drive train mechanism, butmanually adjustable independent thereof, is additional camming meanscontrolling the exposure time.

The apparatus of the invention preferably also includes means forrepeating automatically the one-copy cycle until a predetermined numberof copies, either unlimited or selected from a specified range, isproduced. Included in the cycle-repeat means or mechanism is amultiple-station member associated with the manually initiated cammingmeans which engages and disengages the continuous drive mechanism withthe one-cycle drive train mechanism. This multiple-station member ismanually prepositioned, and is restored by pawl means associated withthe one-cycle drive train mechanism, one station for each full cyclethereof, until the manually initiated camming means ultimately isrestored to the disengaging position.

The foregoing and other objects and advantages of the present inventionwill become more readily apparent from an examination of the followingdescription in the light of the accompanying drawings and claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view in perspective,showing in general outline the exterior arrangement of the apparatus ofthe present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section along theline 3-3 of FIG. 3, showing the interior arrangement of a preferredembodiment of the apparatus of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same embodiment, with the hinged top accesspanel and the scanning area cover removed;

FIG. 4 is an end view of the same embodiment, as seen from the left inFIGS. 2 and 3, showing the illumination sources, the reflector and (inbroken outline) the lens assembly;

FIG. 5 is an end view of the same embodiment, as seen from the right inFIGS. 2 and 3, with portions thereof broken away, and showing amongother elements the developer tank and agitator, the developer reservoirand concentrate bottles, and the automatic paper stop and paper advancemechanisms of the exposure zone;

FIG. 6 is an elevation view of the same embodiment, as viewed from thebottom in FIG. 3 and the left in FIG. 5, showing among other elementsthe continuous drive mechanism, the one-cycle drive train and associatedmechanisms, and the automatic cycle-repeat mechanism;

FIG. 7 is an expanded view in perspective of parts of the continuous andone-cycle drive mechanisms, of the manually initiated camming means forengaging and disengaging same, and of the automatic cycle-repeatmechanism;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view from the right in FIG. 5, showing the frontof the automatic exposure synchronizing and exposure time mechanismswith portions thereof broken away;

FIG. 9 is a view in section along the line 8-8 of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for the various electrical components ofthe same embodiment of the apparatus of this invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As noted above, FIGS. 1 and 2 showthe general arrangement of a specific and preferred embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention, FIG. 1 illustrating its externalappearance, and FIG. 2 its general internal arrangement. As illustratedin FIG 1, the apparatus includes casing 10 comprising back panel 11 (notvisible), side panels 12 (not visible) and 13, top panel portion 14hinged at 16 to provide access to the interior working parts of theapparatus, flexible cover 17 also hinged at 16 for scanning area 23,fixed top panel portions 18 and 19 forming guides adjacent scanning area23 for aligning the object to be copied, and front panel 21.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, front panel 21 includes handaccess opening 22 for removal of finished copies, selector knobconnected to control means for varying exposure time in the apparatus,selector knob connected to means for pre-setting the number of copiesdesired to be made, on-off main power switch 25, and audible or visualsignal means 26, 27 and 28 indicating, respectively, readiness ofapparatus, lack of copy paper and lack of developer solution.

Referring now to FIG. 2, which illustrates the interior arrangement of aspecific and preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, thecoated copy paper is stored in magazine or storage compartment 30.Switch 31, connected (not visible) to lack-of-paper signal means 27, ismounted on platform 32 supported below compartment 30, and includespivoted actuating arm 33 which projects through the bottom ofcompartment 30 and into actuating contact with any paper stored therein.Also mounted on platform 32 are one or more heaters 24, in order tomaintain the supply of copy paper at an optimum temperature.

Upon energization of the main drive motor 123 and actuation of the drivemechanisms as hereinafter described, a single sheet of coated copy paperis advanced by paper transfer rollers 34 and 36 (see also FIG. 3)mounted on belt-driven floating shaft 35, up inclined panel 37 and intothe nip of powerdriven paper transfer rolls 38 and 39 which are rotatingcontinuously in the directions indicated by the directional arrows.Paper transfer rolls 38 and 39 feed the sheet downwardly into chargingzone 40, located adjacent and slightly below, which zone includes spacedcorona charging units 41 and 42. These corona units previously have beenenergized from combination rectifier and voltage step-up transformer 208(not visible in FIG. 2; see FIG. 6) through actuation of switch 207 (notvisible in FIG. 2; see FIG. 6) by a synchronized charger actuatingmechanism to be described hereinafter. After traveling through thecharging zone 40, the leading edge of the paper sheet is advanced, bythe action of rolls 33 and 39 on the trailing portion of the sheet, intothe nip of power-driven paper transfer rolls 43 and 44 which arerotating continuously in the directions indicated by the directionalarrows.

The paper sheet is advanced downwardly by transfer rolls 43 and 44 intoan exposure zone 45, which is positioned generally below chargingstation 40. Downward travel of the sheet is stopped, after the trailingedge of the sheet is discharged from rolls 43 and 44, by paper stopfingers 47, 48 and 49 (see also FIG. 3) attached to arms 51, 52 and 53which are fixed to rotatable shaft 50. By operation of the synchronizedone-cycle drive train timing mechanism to be hereinafter described, thepaper stop fingers 47, 48 and 49 are positioned in contact with thesurface of transparent exposure window 55 forming the exposure plane ofexposure zone 45 during introduction of the paper sheet so as to stopand retain the sheet in the correct position for exposure. The papersheet is general! held against the surface of window 55 by restrainingmeans J6 consisting of a grille made from metal or other suitablematerial and pivoted loosely at rod 58 which rests in support slots 59in the inner casing.

While in exposure station 45, the electrophotosensitized surface of thesheet, which is against window 55, is exposed to a reflected image ofthe object being copied. This object image is conveyed by reflectedlight from the object mounted on the object plane in scanning area 23,past reflecting mirror 60, resting in assembly 61 (see FIG. 4), throughlens 65 and transparent exposure window 55 and onto theelectrophotosensitized surface of the paper sheet. The exposure lightsource preferably consists of quartz-iodide lamps 66 and 67,individually mounted in modified parabolic aluminum reflectors 68 and 69(see FIG. 4). Two additional pairs of mirrors or other light-reflectingsurfaces are installed below the scanning area at 62 and 63. The time ofexposure is determined by the manually preset exposure timing mechanismto be described hereinafter, which mechanism is associated with theexposure illumination switch 162 (not visible) and consequently controlsthe length of time during which lamps 66 and 67 are energized.

After exposure for the predetermined time, the lamps 66 and 67 arede-energized by exposure illumination switch 162, associated with theone-cycle drive train mechanism referred to above. Momentarilythereafter, the paper stop fingers 47, 48 and 49 are withdrawn by asynchronized, automatic timing mechanism associated with the one-cycledrive train, from contact with the surface of exposure window 55, thusrendering the paper sheet free to travel downwardly from the exposurestation 45. Forward progress of the paper sheet is ensured by paperadvance fingers 71, 72 and 73 (see FIG. 3) mounted on rotatable shaft152, which also is actuated by a synchronized timing mechanismassociated with the one-cycle drive train mechanism to be describedhereinafter. Upon leaving the exposure station 45, the paper sheet isadvanced into the nip of power-driven paper transfer rolls 78 and 79which are continuously rotating in the directions indicated by thedirectional arrows.

Transfer rolls 78 and 79 advance the paper sheet into developing station80, located at the bottom of the apparatus generally below exposure area45. Developing station 80 includes a tank containing an agent suitablefor developing the electrostatic latent image formed on theelectrophotosensitized paper sheet. The paper sheet is advanced by rolls78 and 79 through the bath of developing agent in a submergedcurvilinear path defined by guide surfaces 86 and 87, and into the nipof power-driven paper transfer rolls 91 and 92 which are rotatingcontinuously as shown by the directional arrows. Roll 91 is constructedof a slightly compressible and resilient material, such as rubber orother similar material, so as to exert a squeegee action in order toremove excess liquid from the developing agent from the paper. Solids,i.e., marking particles from the developing agent, which are depositedon smooth roll 92 are removed by wiper 93 which is composed of aresilient and absorbent material, such as polystyrene foam or the like,and is held in compressed contact with roll 92 by holder 94.

The desired upper level of the developing agent in tank 85 is maintainedat the desired point by inverted bottle 95 containing a supply of suchagent, the mouth of such bottle being positioned at the desired liquidlevel so that any drop in actual level induces replenishment from thebottle. Switch 96, connected to signal means 28, is actuated by float 97and indicates that the level of the developing agent has fallen too low(see FIG. 5); The solids (i.e., the charged marking particles) in thedeveloping agent are maintained at the desired concentration byintroducing a much more highly concentrated suspension thereof, fromreservoir bottle 98, to replace solids lost by depletion. The morehighly concentrated suspension of solids is introduced periodicallythrough tube 101 by pump mechanism associated with the one-cycle drivetrain mechanism to be hereinafter described.

Upon emerging from rolls 91 and 92 the still-wet paper sheet is advancedlaterally through drying zone 105 defined by upper and lower guidesurfaces 107 and 106 and located adjacent to developing station 80.Upper guide surface 107 comprises a plurality (not shown) of individualfingers pivotally mounted on transverse rod 108 and adapted to depressand guide the leading edge of the paper sheet after it emerges fromrolls 91 and 92 and to maintain the sheet in driving contact with paperdischarge roll 115. Lower guide surface 106 comprises a grille structuresupported at one end by transverse rod 109 and at its middle by suitablemeans not in conflict with the paper discharge roll 115. At its otherend this same grille forms discharge receptacle 114 for receivingfinished copies. In drying area 105, the wet paper sheet is subjected toa gradual flow of heated air, which has been circulated by motor-drivenfan 113 across one or more strip heaters 116 mounted transversely inholder 117. The dried paper sheet emerges from drying area 105 overpaper discharge roll made of a resilient outer layer mounted on coreshaft 195, and into delivery compartment 114. Interference by air draftswith the proper laying and stacking of finished copies is prevented byair-baffle 119.

In order to describe the continuous drive mechanism as referred toabove, reference now is made initially to FIG. 6. In FIG. 6, main drivesprocket 120 is mounted on shaft of main drive motor 123. When motor 123is energized, drive sprocket 120 continuously drives endless chain 126over continuous drive mechanism drive sprocket 130 mounted on stub shaftroll drive sprocket mounted on shaft in common with paper transfer roll39; roll drive sprocket mounted on shaft in common with paper transferroll 44; roll drive sprocket mounted on shaft in common with papertransfer roll 78; roll drive sprocket mounted on shaft in common withpaper transfer roll 91; idler sprocket mounted on shaft roll drivesprocket mounted on shaft in common with paper discharge roll 115;spring-loaded idler sprocket 200; and back to main drive sprocket 120.Idler sprocket 200 is rotatably mounted by pin 205 to one end of arm201, which is pivotally mounted by pin 202 at a point intermediate itsends to the casing and loaded at its other end by spring 203 attached tothe casing. Idler sprocket 200 takes up any slack in chain 126 andmaintains the proper degree of tension in the chain.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 6 and 7 for a description of theone-cycle drive train and associated timing mechanisms. Rotationallymounted on stub shaft 135, behind drive sprocket 130, is arm 131, whichis connected at its free end by spring 132 to a fixed point on thecasing. Mounted perpendicular to arm 131 is a cylindrical member whichextends through arm 131, to form cam follower pin 134 on the rear sideof arm 131, and stub shaft 136 on the front side of arm 131. Rotatablymounted on said stub shaft 136 is drive gear 137 in constant engagementwith mating gear 138 preferably formed integral with the rearward hub ofdrive sprocket 130, so that said gear 137 is continuously rotating whilethe continuous drive mechanism is in operation.

As noted, arm 131 is adapted for free rotation on stub shaft 135, but isnormally restrained from clockwise rotation by spring 132. Arm 131 islimited in counterclockwise rotation by cam surface 133, cooperatingwith cam follower pin 134, and formed on the front face of cycle-repeatselector star wheel 139. Arm 131 is limited in its clockwise rotation bygear 121, constituting part of the one-cycle gear train, which iscoplanar with drive gear 137 and adapted for operative engagementtherewith. Arm 131 also includes side projection 129 which carries onthe front face at its extremity cam follower pin 128. Cam follower pin128 is adapted to ride in the path defined by internal cam track 122integral with the rear surface of gear 121. Gear 121 is fixed onrotatable shaft 118, and is at all times in operative engagement withcoplanar intermediate gear 141 fixed on rotatable shaft 142, andintermediate gear 141 is at all times in operative engagement withcoplanar control gear 151 mounted on rotatable shaft 152. Gears 121, .41and 151 are of equal size and are the principal elements it theone-cycle gear train mechanism. Control gear 151 is provided integrallyon its rear face with internal paper control cam track 153.

In order to describe the one-cycle drive train mechanism, as heretoforereferred to, and the means for engaging and disengaging same with thecontinuous drive mechanism, reference again is made to FIGS. 6 and 7. InFIG. 7, copy number selector knob 20 is shown mounted on rotatable shaft110 which extends laterally and transversely through the apparatus tothe far side where the cycle-repeat selector star wheel 139 is fixedthereon. Copy number selector knob 20 is adapted for manual rotation inorder to select the number of copies (unlimited, or from one to 15)which it is desired to produce. The rotational movement imparted to knob20 is translated by means of shaft 110 to cycle-repeat selector starwheel 139, which is in contact with resilient indexing detent spring 124(see FIG. 6). The indexing detent spring 12 1 is adapted to convey tothe operator a positive feeling of a stepping motion in going throughthe various positions corresponding to the available copy numberstations, and to retard any tendency of the copy selector star wheel 139to creep once in the desired position. Spring 124 preferably is designedso as to span at least four points, so as to allow for the two missingpoints, hereinafter described, and yet maintain operative contact withtwo points of the star wheel 139.

As apparent in FIG. 7, the raised cam surface 133 formed on the face ofcycle-repeat selector star wheel 139 includes indented detent positionindicated at 127. When the copy selector knob 20 is in neutral position,so that no copies are being produced even though the main drive motor123 is energized and the continuous drive mechanism is in operation, camfollower pin 134 is urged into the detent position 127 of cam 133 by thetensile force of spring 132 on arm 131. In such position, cam followerpin 128 on projection 129 of arm 131 is in the protruding detentpositionl 12 of internal cam track 122, and continuously rotating drivegear 137 is not in operative engagement with one-cycle gear train gear121. Thus, gear 121 is locked" in a fixed position although drive gear137 is continuously rotating.

When copy selector knob is manually rotated in a direction such as torotate the copy selector star wheel 139 in a counterclockwise directionas shown in FIG. 7, the cam follower pin 134 is urged outwardly fromdetent position 127 by the corresponding rotation of cam 133, and arm131 is moved a corresponding distance against the resistance of spring132 so that continuously rotating drive gear 137 is moved into operativeengagement with one-cycle gear train gear 121 at the same time that camfollower pin 128 is moved out of detent position 112 in internal camtrack 122. In this manner, gear 121 and internal cam track 122,intermediate gear 141, and control gear 151 and internal cam track 153are put into rotary motion as shown by the directional arrows. At thesame time, the movement of the free end of arm 131 moves actuating arm206 (see FIG. 6) of double-throw switch 207, thus energizing the coronacharging units 41 and 42 through rectifier-transformer 208 and, at thesame time, de-energizing signal means 26 to indicate that the apparatusis in use.

Simultaneously with the above, the rotational motion of gear 121 ispartially translated through shaft 118 to segmental gear 102 mountedthereon at the opposite side of the apparatus. The toothed segment ofgear 102 is adapted for operative engagement with gear 103 mounted onstub shaft 99 in common with gear 104 (see FIGS. 8 and 9). Gear 104 isin operative engagement with gear 111, mounted on stub shaft 29 incommon with pulleys 81, which is connected by endless belt 82 to pulley83 mounted on shaft 35 carrying paper transfer rollers 34 and 36. Bymeans of segmental gear 102, only sufficient movement is imparted topaper transfer rollers 34 and 36 to advance a single sheet of copy paperinto paper transfer rolls 38 and 39. Simultaneously, through rotationalmovement of control gear 151 and internal cam track 153 integraltherewith (see FIG. 6), cam follower pin 156 is moved in a directionsuch that arm 157, to which said pin 156 is are removed from contactwith glass exposure plane 55, thus permitting egress of the exposedpaper sheet. At the same time, through rotation of shaft 152 carryingresilient paper advance fingers 71, 72 and 73, the paper is positivelyurged, by contact with such fingers, from the exposure area.

As noted above, exposure lamps 66 and 67 are energized by normally openon-off switch 162, shown in FIG. 8. Switch 162 includes insulatedterminal base 163, which supports resilient and conductive arms 167 and168 and their respective contact points 172 and 173. Switch 162 ismounted through base 163 onto rigid arm 177, which is pivotally mountedon the inside of the front casing by means of pin 178. Formed at theouter extremity of conductive arm 168, beyond contact point 173, is camfollower surface 174, which is adapted for sliding engagement on thesurface of spiral exposure illumination cam 176 (see FIG. 9). Cam 176 isformed integral with the hub of segmental gear 102, mounted on shaft118. With each revolution of shaft 118, the points 172 and 173 are firsturged into contact and then separated by the movement of cam follower174 on exposure illumination cam 176.

The period of time during which points 172 and 173 remain in contact,and consequently the time of exposure, are determined by aprepositioning of cam follower 174 in relation to spiral cam surface176, so that the initial contact between points 172 and 173 will beeffected either earlier or later in the cycle, respectively to extend orreduce the exposure time. This prepositioning of points 172 and 173 iseflected by the rotational movement of arm 177 about pin 178 in responseto the movement of a cam follower pin 182 mounted on the end of arm 177.Cam follower pin 182 projects through a slot in the front casing of theapparatus and into operative engagement with segmental spiral internalexposure timing cam track 183. Cam track 183 is formed integral with therear hub of control knob 15, which is mounted on the front panel 21.Knob 15 is adapted for manual adjustment, so as to preposition the camfollower 174 with respect to cam surface 176 and thus predetermine theexposure time at the desired value.

The automatic cycle-repeat mechanism for reproducing a predeterminednumber of copies will now be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.Mounted on shaft 118, coplanar with cycle-repeat selector star wheel139-is pawl 143 adapted cooperatively to engage the projections of saidstar wheel. Consequently, provided the pawl 143 contacts a projection,the star wheel 139 will be advanced rotationally a distance equivalentto one tooth upon each revolution of the pawl 143. Depending upon thenumber of positions through which the cycle-repeat selector star wheel139 preliminarily has been advanced counterclockwise (looking at FIGS. 6and 7) by manual operation of control knob 20, an equivalent number ofcopies will be produced, each such copy corresponding to a singlerevolution of pawl 143. It should be noted that the number of copieswhich can automatically be made is determined by the configuration ofstar wheel 139, and particularly by the number of points thereon.Consequently, by varying the design of star wheel 139 from that shown,other ranges can be provided.

Star wheel 139 is missing two adjacent projections at 144, the onefarthest clockwise providing a neutral position when in the path of pawl143 and the other providing for continuous copying when so situated.When the cycle-repeat selector star wheel 139 is retraced theappropriate number of positions by pawl 143, it ultimately will arrivein the neutral position. At such time cam follower pin 134 will be urgedby spring 132 applied to arm 131 to enter detent position 127 in cam133. Simultaneously, cam follower pin 128 in arm extension 129 will moveinto locking position 112 in cam track 122, thus preventing furthermovement of the gear train. By moving the copy selector star wheel 139one position clockwise from neutral, rather than counterclockwise, aposition is reached where copies will be produced continuously, since byvirtue of the configuration of the star wheel 139 the pawl during itssuccessive rotations fails in each case to contact any projection on thestar wheel. Consequently, the one-cycle drive train mechanism remains incontinuous operatron.

As referred to above and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, developer tankcontains an agitator 184 mounted on vertical shaft 187 which iscontinuously rotated through contact between friction disc or bevel gear188 mounted on shaft 187 and cooperating friction disc or bevel gear 192mounted on spur shaft 193 through back casing. Spur shaft 193 alsocarries pulley 197 being driven by endless belt 198 from driving pulley199 located on shaft 165.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, solids dispenser pump consists ofreciprocating plunger pump 209 mounted in bottle 98 containing chargedmarking particles in relatively concentrated suspension, and dischargingthrough tubes 212 and 101 into tank 85. Plunger 209 can be actuatedmanually or, as will normally be the case, automatically by contact withend of screw 213 threaded through arm 217 which is rotatably mountedabout shaft 218. Movement of arm 217 in a clockwise direction (FIGS. 2and 6) is effected by pin 222 mounted on arm 223 and riding in slot 227of arm 217. Arm 223 is rotatably mounted on shaft 50 and carries camfollower pin 228 which follows cam 232 mounted on shaft 152. Arm 223 isurged in a counterclockwise direction by spring 225 attached at itsother end to the casing. During each rotation of shaft 152 and cam 232,the arm 223 is moved clockwise around shaft 50 so as to effect a lateralmovement of pin 222 in slot 227 of arm 217. Such movement of pin 222causes a downward movement of arm 217 around shaft 218 and against thetensile force of spring 225. Such downward movement effects movingcontact between the bottom of screw 213 and the plunger of pump 209, soas to produce the desired pumping action. The stroke of such pump can bevaried by adjusting the position of screw 213 in arm 217.

The electrical circuitry and controls for operation of the apparatus ofthe present invention may be understood by reference to FIG. 10, whereinconsistent reference numerals are used wherever possible. ln-put poweris supplied from a l20-volt, alternating-current, 60-cycle power source,indicated at 210. The switch designated 215 (not visible in the otherdrawings) is a normally open safety switch, which is maintained in theclosed position so long .as the hinged top panel 14 (FIG. 1) is notopened. When panel 14 is opened for access to the interior, switch 215is permitted to open so as to disconnect the power source from the restof the apparatus circuit. So long as switch 215 is in the closedposition (i.e., so long as access panel 14 is closed), the electricalcircuit is completed to heaters 116 and 24, so that typically suchheaters are energized continuously. When the main on-off switch 25,located on front panel 21 of the apparatus (see FIG. 1), is closed atthe same time that safety switch 215 remains closed, electrical circuitsare completed through main drive motor 123 and motor-driven fan 113, aswell as up to switch 207 in the charger and feed circuit, switch 162 inthe circuit including exposure lamps 66 and 67, switch 31 in the circuitincluding out-of-paper signal means 27, and switch 96 in the circuitincluding out-of-developer signal means 28.

When both switches 215 and 25 are in the closed position, as indicatedabove, and no copy paper is in progress through the apparatus, thecircuit to machine-readiness signal means 26, located on front panel 21,will be closed by the switch 207 in its normal position. However, oncethe apparatus is actuated by manually rotating the copy selector controlknob 15 on front panel 21 to a predetermined position away fromneutral," the circuit to signal means 26 is interrupted as a result ofthe mechanical action of arm 131 (FIG. 6) on switch 207, while at thesame time the circuit is closed to charging units 41 and 42 throughcombination rectifier and step-up transformer 208. Normally open switch162 is connected to exposure lamps 66 and 67, and is actuatedautomatically by the contact of rotating exposure illumination cam 176on cam follower 174 (FIGS. 8 and 9) with the rotation of shaft 118.

Normally closed switch 31 is connected to the out-of-paper signal means27 located on front panel 21 and illustrated in FIG. as an audiblesignal means. Switch 31 is mounted on platform 32 below the bottom panelof paper storage compartment 30, with its actuating arm 33 extendingupwardly through such bottom The absence of paper causes switch 31 ingthe circuit to signal means 27.

Normally open switch 96, mounted adjacent the developer tank 85, isconnected to the outof-developer signal means 28 mounted on front panel21. Switch 96 is actuated by float 97, positioned in tank 85, so as toclose switch 96 in the event the level of developer in tank 85 fallsbelow a certain level. Actuation of switch 96 completes the circuit tosignal means 28.

The novel and improved copy-making apparatus of the present inventionoffers the advantages of inexpensive construction, economy and ease ofmaintenance, and substantial flexibility in that it is suitable formaking copies of a wide variety of objects including books and otherthree-dimensional objects.

The copy paper which is suitable for use with the apparatus of thepresent invention is a paper which has been surfacecoated with asuitable material, such as zinc oxide and the like, to render the paperelectrophotosensitive, i.e., sensitive to light after exposure to anelectrostatic charge. When such electrostatically charged papers areexposed to light, they become conductive to the extent of such exposureand generally in proportion to its intensity. As a result of thelightinduced conductivity, the electrostatic charge within the areas oflight exposure is dissipated, again generally in proportion to thedegree of light intensity. By way of example, copy papers suitable foruse with the apparatus of the present invention are described in U.S.Pat. Nos. 2,922,883; 3,052,539; and 3,12l,006. Many suitable copy papersare commercially available.

In the apparatus of the present invention, the surfacecoated paper isrendered electrophotosensitive by means of an electrostatic potentialapplied to the paper in the absence of light while the paper is passingthrough the corona charging units. In the corona charging units, anelectrostatic charge is applied to the paper, consisting typically of anegative charge accumulated on the coated surface of the paper and a toclose, thus completpanel for contact with any paper therein.

resultant positive charge accumulated on the other surface. Aftercharging, the paper is exposed-to a high-intensity light reflection ofthe image of the object to be copied. The electrophotosensitive coatingdirectly in line with the reflected image is shaded from light exposureto a degree depending upon the color and density of the reflected image,and to such extent remains non-conductive and consequentlyelectrostatically charged, while the electrostatic charge on the exposedareas of the paper is more or less dissipated by conduction dependingupon the intensity of the light exposure.

The exposed paper containing the electrostatically charged image is thensubjected to a developing agent, comprising a suspension of positivelycharged marking particles, typically carbon, dispersed in a clear andnon-conductive liquid medium, typically a petroleum-likebase. Thepositively charged carbon particles typically constitute about 2 percentof the developer, and they remain dispersed throughout the dispersingmedium by virtue of the repellent effect of their like positive chargesand with the aid of agitation. When the exposed paper containing thecharged image is contacted with such a developer, the positively chargedcarbon particles are attracted to the negatively charged image generallyin proportion to the varying intensity of the accumulated charge on theimage. In this manner, the image of the object is reproduced on thecoated paper in varying intensity corresponding to the colors andshadings of the object. After developing, the excess liquid dispersingmedium is removed from the paper, leaving the image formed by thedeposited carbon particles which conveniently is fixed by drying.

It will be apparent that, as copies are produced, the concentration ofthe charged marking particles in the dispersing medium will diminish.Accordingly, it is necessary to replenish the charged carbon particlesfrom time to time by introducing a more concentrated dispersion of suchparticles.

While t a description and drawings herein presented pertain to specificand preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood thatthe invention is not so limited and extends to any and all embodimentsof the invention defined by the appended claims. For example, it shouldbe noted that the apparatus of the invention could readily be modifiedto accommodate copy paper in the form of rolls rather than sheets. Also,by elimination of the corona charging units, the apparatus could readilybe adapted to other processes, e.g., photographic.

The invention claimed is:

1. An apparatus for reproducing the image of an object on anelectrophotosensitive sheet material, said apparatus comprising:

a. first transfer means to advance said sheet material into and througha charger zone disposed generally adjacent and below one side of saidfirst transfer means;

b. charger means in said charger zone including spaced corona chargingunits to deposit an electrostatic charge of opposite polarity on eachside of said sheet material;

c. second transfer means to receive said sheet material after chargingand advance same into an exposure zone disposed generally below saidcharger zone;

d. exposure plane means in said exposure zone for positioning thecharged sheet material during exposure;

e. object plane means disposed generally in horizontally spaced relationto the opposite side of said first transfer means and in laterally andvertically spaced relation to said exposure plane means; means defininga light path between said object plane means and said exposure planemeans for exposing the charged sheet material to a reflected light imageof the object to be reproduced;

g. third transfer means to receive said sheet material after exposureand advance same into and laterally through a developing zone disposedgenerally below said exposure zone;

h. developing means in said developing zone, including charged markingparticles suspended in liquid medium, to

develop the electrostatic latent image on said sheet material afterexposure;

i. means disposed in horizontally spaced relation to said developingzone, for receiving the developed sheet material and advancing same in agenerally lateral path of travel opposite in direction to its path oftravel through said charger zone, and for removing the liquid portion ofsaid developing means;

j. continuous drive means;

k. one-cycle drive train means for operating in synchronization elementsto produce a single copy of the object to be reproduced;

l. manually initiated first camming means adapted to engage anddisengage said continuous drive means with said onecycle drive trainmeans;

in. multiple-station member associated with said first camming means,said member being manually prepositioned and responsive to pawl meansassociated with said one-cycle drive train means to restore said memberone station for each cycle completed until said first camming means isrestored to the disengaging position;

n. first switching means associated with said first camming means forenergizing said corona charging units;

0. feed means associated with said one-cycle drive train means toinitiate feed of electrophotosensitive sheet material from a magazine tosaid first transfer means;

p. exposure illuminating means;

q. second switching means to energize said exposure illuminating means;

r. first spiral camming means associated with said one-cycle drive trainmeans and adapted to actuate said second switching means;

5. second spiral camming means for manually and adjustablyprepositioning said second switching means in relation to said firstspiral camming means in order to control the ex posure time;

t. stop means adapted for properly positioning and retaining saidelectrophotosensitive sheet material in said exposure zone;

u. second camming means associated with said one-cycle drive train meansand adapted to move said stop means so as to maintain said sheetmaterial in said exposure zone during exposure and to release said sheetmaterial thereafter;

v. ejecting means associated with said one-cycle drive train means andadapted positively to advance the exposed sheet material from saidexposure zone and into said third transfer means;

w. reservoir containing a relatively concentrated dispersion of chargedmarking particles in a liquid medium for replenishing such particles insaid developing means;

x manually adjustable pumping means connecting said reservoir with saiddeveloping zone; and

y. third camming means associated with said one-cycle drive train meansand adapted to actuate said pumping means in order to introduce intosaid developing zone a predetermined quantity of said relativelyconcentrated dispersion.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 and including a fourth camming meansadapted to prevent disengagement of said continuous drive means fromsaid one-cycle drive train means until completion of a full cycle ofoperation.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein saidmultiple station member isin the form ofa star wheel.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said continuous drive means ismounted on a pivoted member acted upon by said first camming means.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said pivoted member includescam follower means adapted for cooperation with a cam surface associatedwith said one-cycle drive train means to ensure full cycle operation.

6. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said first switching means isactuated by said pivoted member for energizing said corona chargingunits.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said feed means includes asegmental gear adapted to introduce a single sheet ofelectrophotosensitive sheet material during each complete cycle.

8. A photocopying apparatus comprising: first gear means, support meansrotatably, translatably mounting said first gear means and including adetent member, second gear means including a substantially circular camtrack concentric therewith and defining along its periphery a detentsection, said detent being mounted for travel in said track, mountingmeans mounting said support means for movement between a first positionwherein said first gear means is unengaged from said second gear meansand said detent member is located in said detent aperture and a secondposition wherein said first gear means is in driving engagement withsaid second gear means and said detent is located in the circularportion of said cam track, spring means biasing said support means tothe first position, drive means, means interconnecting said drive meansand said first gear means, whereby said cam track defines a single cyclecam whereby said detent can move to its rest position with disengagementof said first gear means upon completion of a rotation of said secondgear means.

9. Apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein said support meanscomprises a substantially vertically extending bracket member having aforwardly extending arm mounting said detent member, said bracket havinga leg portion extending below said arm, a shaft mounting said first gearmeans and rotatably mounted in said leg portion.

10. Photocopy apparatus comprising:

a. feed means to feed a sheet of copy paper from a first station;

b. corona charging means spaced downstream of said firstnamed means andadapted to charge one surface of said sheet; means or feeding said sheetinto a toner bath; means for feeding said sheet into a planar positionfor exposure to an image;

. means for discharging said sheet from said toner bath;

drive means;

mechanical means interconnecting said drive means and each of theaforesaid means;

. cam means operatively connected to said drive means to effect asequential feed of a paper sheet, charging by said corona charge means,immobilizing of said sheet in a planar position, exposing theimmobilized sheet to a light image, and driving said exposed sheetthrough a toner bath to a discharge position;

i. means for engaging and disengaging said drive means from saidmechanical means upon respective initiation and completion of a singlecycle of operation of said photocopy machine; and

j. a multiple station member connected to said means for engaging anddisengaging said drive means, said member being manually positioned andresponsive to pawl means operatively connected to said engaging anddisengaging means to restore said multiple station member one stationfor each completed cycle until said means for engaging and disengagingis restored to the disengaging position.

ll. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10, wherein said multiple stationmember is a wheel.

12. Photocopy apparatus comprising:

a. feed means to feed a sheet of copy paper from a first station;

b. corona charging means spaced downstream of said firstnamed means andadapted to charge one surface of said sheet;

c. means for immobilizing said sheet in a planar position for exposureto an image;

d. means for feeding said sheet into a toner bath;

e. means for discharging said sheet from said toner bath;

f. drive means;

g. mechanical means interconnecting said drive means and each of theaforesaid means;

h. cam means operatively onnected tosaid drive means to effect asequential feed of a paper sheet, charging by said corona charge means,immobilizing of said sheet in a planar position, exposing theimmobilized sheet to a light image, and driving said exposed sheetthrough a toner bath to a discharge position;

1. means for engaging and disengaging said drive means from saidmechanical means upon respective initiation and completion of a singlecycle of operation of said photocopy machine; and

j. a pivoted member mounting said drive means and acted upon by said cammeans.

13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein said pivoted memberincludes cam follower means operatively connected to follow a camsurface associated with said mechanical means to insure full cycleoperation thereof.

14. Photocopy apparatus comprising:

a. feed means to feed a sheet of copy paper from a first station;

b. corona charging means spaced downstream of said firstnamed means andadapted to charge one surface of said sheet;

c. means for immobilizing said sheet in a planar position for exposureto an image;

(1. means for feeding said sheet into a toner bath;

e. means for discharging said sheet from said toner bath;

f. drive means;

g. mechanical means interconnecting said drive means and each of theaforesaid means;

h. cam means operatively connected to said drive means to effect asequential feed of a paper sheet, charging by said corona charge means,immobilizing of said sheet in a planar position, exposing theimmobilized sheet to a light image, and driving said exposed sheetthrough a toner bath to a discharge position;

i. means for engaging and disengaging said drive means from saidmechanical means upon respective initiation and completion of a singlecycle of operation of said photocopy machine;

j. exposure illuminating means;

k. switching means to actuate said exposure illuminating means;

1. first spiral camming means associated with said mechanical means andadapted to operate said switching means; and

m. second spiral camming means independent of said first said spiralcamming means and adjustably prepositioning said second switching meanswith relation to said first spiral camming means to control exposuretime.

1. An apparatus for reproducing the image of an object on anelectrophotosensitive sheet material, said apparatus comprising: a.first transfer means to advance said sheet material into and through acharger zone disposed generally adjacent and below one side of saidfirst transfer means; b. charger means in said charger zone includingspaced corona charging units to deposit an electrostatic charge ofopposite polarity on each side of said sheet material; c. secondtransfer means to receive said sheet material after charging and advancesame into an exposure zone disposed generally below said charger zone;d. exposure plane means in said exposure zone for positioning thecharged sheet material during exposure; e. object plane means disposedgenerally in horizontally spaced relation to the opposite side of saidfirst transfer means and in laterally and vertically spaced relation tosaid exposure plane means; f. means defining a light path between saidobject plane means and said exposure plane means for exposing thecharged sheet material to a reflected light image of the object to bereproduced; g. third transfer means to receive said sheet material afterexposure and advance same into and laterally through a developing zonedisposed generally below said exposure zone; h. developing means in saiddeveloping zone, including charged marking particles suspended in liquidmedium, to develop the electrostatic latent image on said sheet materialafter exposure; i. means disposed in horizontally spaced relation tosaid developing zone, for receiving the developed sheet material andadvancing same in a generally lateral path of travel opposite indirection to its path of travel through said charger zone, and forremoving the liquid portion of said developing means; j. continuousdrive means; k. one-cycle drive train means for operating insynchronization elements to produce a single copy of the object to bereproduced; l. manually initiated first camming means adapted to engageand disengage said continuous drive means with said oNe-cycle drivetrain means; m. multiple-station member associated with said firstcamming means, said member being manually prepositioned and responsiveto pawl means associated with said one-cycle drive train means torestore said member one station for each cycle completed until saidfirst camming means is restored to the disengaging position; n. firstswitching means associated with said first camming means for energizingsaid corona charging units; o. feed means associated with said one-cycledrive train means to initiate feed of electrophotosensitive sheetmaterial from a magazine to said first transfer means; p. exposureilluminating means; q. second switching means to energize said exposureilluminating means; r. first spiral camming means associated with saidone-cycle drive train means and adapted to actuate said second switchingmeans; s. second spiral camming means for manually and adjustablyprepositioning said second switching means in relation to said firstspiral camming means in order to control the exposure time; t. stopmeans adapted for properly positioning and retaining saidelectrophotosensitive sheet material in said exposure zone; u. secondcamming means associated with said one-cycle drive train means andadapted to move said stop means so as to maintain said sheet material insaid exposure zone during exposure and to release said sheet materialthereafter; v. ejecting means associated with said one-cycle drive trainmeans and adapted positively to advance the exposed sheet material fromsaid exposure zone and into said third transfer means; w. reservoircontaining a relatively concentrated dispersion of charged markingparticles in a liquid medium for replenishing such particles in saiddeveloping means; x. manually adjustable pumping means connecting saidreservoir with said developing zone; and y. third camming meansassociated with said one-cycle drive train means and adapted to actuatesaid pumping means in order to introduce into said developing zone apredetermined quantity of said relatively concentrated dispersion. 2.Apparatus according to claim 1 and including a fourth camming meansadapted to prevent disengagement of said continuous drive means fromsaid one-cycle drive train means until completion of a full cycle ofoperation.
 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said multiplestation member is in the form of a star wheel.
 4. Apparatus according toclaim 1 wherein said continuous drive means is mounted on a pivotedmember acted upon by said first camming means.
 5. Apparatus according toclaim 4 wherein said pivoted member includes cam follower means adaptedfor cooperation with a cam surface associated with said one-cycle drivetrain means to ensure full cycle operation.
 6. Apparatus according toclaim 4 wherein said first switching means is actuated by said pivotedmember for energizing said corona charging units.
 7. Apparatus accordingto claim 1 wherein said feed means includes a segmental gear adapted tointroduce a single sheet of electrophotosensitive sheet material duringeach complete cycle.
 8. A photocopying apparatus comprising: first gearmeans, support means rotatably, translatably mounting said first gearmeans and including a detent member, second gear means including asubstantially circular cam track concentric therewith and defining alongits periphery a detent section, said detent being mounted for travel insaid track, mounting means mounting said support means for movementbetween a first position wherein said first gear means is unengaged fromsaid second gear means and said detent member is located in said detentaperture and a second position wherein said first gear means is indriving engagement with said second gear means and said detent islocated in the circular portion of said cam track, spring means biasingsaid support means to the first position, drive means, meansinterconnecting said drive means and said first gear means, whereby saidcam track defines a single cycle cam whereby said detent can move to itsrest position with disengagement of said first gear means uponcompletion of a rotation of said second gear means.
 9. Apparatus as setforth in claim 8, wherein said support means comprises a substantiallyvertically extending bracket member having a forwardly extending armmounting said detent member, said bracket having a leg portion extendingbelow said arm, a shaft mounting said first gear means and rotatablymounted in said leg portion.
 10. Photocopy apparatus comprising: a. feedmeans to feed a sheet of copy paper from a first station; b. coronacharging means spaced downstream of said first-named means and adaptedto charge one surface of said sheet; c. means for feeding said sheetinto a toner bath; d. means for feeding said sheet into a planarposition for exposure to an image; e. means for discharging said sheetfrom said toner bath; f. drive means; g. mechanical meansinterconnecting said drive means and each of the aforesaid means; h. cammeans operatively connected to said drive means to effect a sequentialfeed of a paper sheet, charging by said corona charge means,immobilizing of said sheet in a planar position, exposing theimmobilized sheet to a light image, and driving said exposed sheetthrough a toner bath to a discharge position; i. means for engaging anddisengaging said drive means from said mechanical means upon respectiveinitiation and completion of a single cycle of operation of saidphotocopy machine; and j. a multiple station member connected to saidmeans for engaging and disengaging said drive means, said member beingmanually positioned and responsive to pawl means operatively connectedto said engaging and disengaging means to restore said multiple stationmember one station for each completed cycle until said means forengaging and disengaging is restored to the disengaging position. 11.Apparatus as set forth in claim 10, wherein said multiple station memberis a wheel.
 12. Photocopy apparatus comprising: a. feed means to feed asheet of copy paper from a first station; b. corona charging meansspaced downstream of said first-named means and adapted to charge onesurface of said sheet; c. means for immobilizing said sheet in a planarposition for exposure to an image; d. means for feeding said sheet intoa toner bath; e. means for discharging said sheet from said toner bath;f. drive means; g. mechanical means interconnecting said drive means andeach of the aforesaid means; h. cam means operatively connected to saiddrive means to effect a sequential feed of a paper sheet, charging bysaid corona charge means, immobilizing of said sheet in a planarposition, exposing the immobilized sheet to a light image, and drivingsaid exposed sheet through a toner bath to a discharge position; i.means for engaging and disengaging said drive means from said mechanicalmeans upon respective initiation and completion of a single cycle ofoperation of said photocopy machine; and j. a pivoted member mountingsaid drive means and acted upon by said cam means.
 13. Apparatus as setforth in claim 12, wherein said pivoted member includes cam followermeans operatively connected to follow a cam surface associated with saidmechanical means to insure full cycle operation thereof.
 14. Photocopyapparatus comprising: a. feed means to feed a sheet of copy paper from afirst station; b. corona charging means spaced downstream of saidfirst-named means and adapted to charge one surface of said sheet; c.means for immobilizing said sheet in a planar position for exposure toan image; d. means for feeding said sheet into a toner bath; e. meansfor discharging said sheet from said toner bath; f. drive means; g.mechanical means interconnecting said drive means and each of theaforesaid means; h. cam means operativelY connected to said drive meansto effect a sequential feed of a paper sheet, charging by said coronacharge means, immobilizing of said sheet in a planar position, exposingthe immobilized sheet to a light image, and driving said exposed sheetthrough a toner bath to a discharge position; i. means for engaging anddisengaging said drive means from said mechanical means upon respectiveinitiation and completion of a single cycle of operation of saidphotocopy machine; j. exposure illuminating means; k. switching means toactuate said exposure illuminating means; l. first spiral camming meansassociated with said mechanical means and adapted to operate saidswitching means; and m. second spiral camming means independent of saidfirst said spiral camming means and adjustably prepositioning saidsecond switching means with relation to said first spiral camming meansto control exposure time.